New techniques such as TMS, tDCS and VNS are reshaping motor rehabilitation by enhancing neuroplasticity...
What is TMS?
TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) is a neuromodulation technique that stimulates nerve cells by sending magnetic fields to specific areas of the brain. The magnetic pulses target the motor cortex, thus facilitating the relearning of motor functions. High-frequency (5 Hz and above) applications increase the excitability of the cerebral cortex, while low-frequency stimulations (1 Hz and below) provide inhibition of the cortex. TMS is widely used to improve motor skills in both acute and chronic stroke patients
What is tDCS?
tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) regulates the electrical activity of the brain using low-intensity electric current. This technique is performed with electrodes placed on the surface of the brain. Anodal electrodes increase excitability while cathodal electrodes promote inhibition. tDCS provides effective results, especially when combined with physical therapy to enhance motor learning and neuroplasticity.
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